The brain works in many ways, and has many aspects that are unknown. The brain is still being researched, but we do have some information on how we think or view the things around us through sight.
First the brain receives information from our eyes, but directely after that it is transfers to the visual cortex which turn the information into simple geometry. The Primary visual cortex sends this simple information to about 30 other parts of the brain and each part starts to make more sense of the situation.
The Ventral Stream is the first of the main parts of the brain that interpret visual stimuli. It is the part of the brain that identifies the WHAT of the object we are looking at. This is the part of the brain that gets activated when you have a word associated to a specific object. For example if I see a dog, I already have a word for that animal, because of the Ventral Stream.
The second of the main identification parts of the brain is the Dorsal Stream. This is the part of the brain that locates the object or scene in a physical space. It creates a mental map using the information your eyes are seeing.
The Third system is the Limbic System, this is the part of the brain that adds context to the image, be it informational or emotional. This adds meaning to the scene. For example if you see a place you been before and did an activity, when you see it again your brain recalls the activity you did and correlates it to that image.
These main parts of the brain combined with the smaller sections of the brain create a image. The brain also adds context and meaning to the scene which all leads to the way we perceive our surroundings.
The brain is very interesting in my opinion and I enjoyed watching the TED Talk about it. I think that the way the brain works is like a puzzle where you need all the pieces to fit together to get a understanding of your vision.
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